Container Freight Station and Terminal Dwell Time
The CFS and its role in less than container load traffic, gate-in to load dwell, free time and detention, and the risk window the sale term may not cover.
A container freight station is the facility where less than container load consignments are consolidated into and deconsolidated out of containers. Terminal dwell time is the interval a container spends in a terminal between gate-in and loading, or between discharge and gate-out.
The full article will cover CFS operations and the documents they generate, the difference between a CFS and a container yard, dwell time as a port performance measure and the factors that drive it, free time and the demurrage and detention regimes that follow it, and the equipment and yard planning consequences of long dwell.
Dwell is also where a sale term can leave a party exposed without either side noticing. An FOB sale on a container keeps the seller on risk from gate-in until the box is on board, which is precisely the dwell interval, over cargo it has already surrendered to the carrier.